Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common problem, with serious short-term and long-term consequences. Because of the lack of reliable predictive biomarkers for the disease, effective preventive and treatment measures are frequently delayed. Elevation in serum creatinine concentration, the current gold-standard for diagnosis of AKI has no linear relationship with GFR and is influenced by a multitude of factors such as age, gender, muscle mass etc., making it an ineffective biomarker for early detection of AKI. MicroRNAs have emerged as a novel class of molecules that are dysregulated in several diseases, and they are found to be stable in all of the biofluids, making them an ideal candidate as a non-invasive biomarker. Biomarker potential of miRNAs in AKI remains much less explored and our studies would help us to detect urinary miRNAs that could be used as early biomarkers for diagnosis/prediction of AKI.