Authors : http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2060-1332Balaji Bhavadharini1, Mahshid Dehghan1, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-7675Andrew Mente1,2, Sumathy Rangarajan1, Patrick Sheridan1, Viswanathan Mohan3,4, Romaina Iqbal5, Rajeev Gupta6, Scott Lear7, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen8, Alvaro Avezum9, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo10, Prem Mony11, Ravi Prasad Varma12, Rajesh Kumar13, Jephat Chifamba14, Khalid F Alhabib15, Noushin Mohammadifard16, Aytekin Oguz17, Fernando Lanas18, Dorota Rozanska19, Kristina Bengtsson Bostrom20, Khalid Yusoff21, Lungiswa P Tsolkile22, Antonio Dans23, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-2646Afzalhussein Yusufali24, Andres Orlandini25, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5395-3273Paul Poirier26, Rasha Khatib27, Bo Hu28, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7565-762XLi Wei29, Lu Yin28, Ai Deeraili30, Karen Yeates31, Rita Yusuf32, Noorhassim Ismail33, Dariush Mozaffarian34, Koon Teo1,2,35, Sonia S Anand1,2,35, Salim Yusuf1,2,35
Publication Year : 2020 Apr
Objective Our aims were to assess the association of dairy intake with prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (cross-sectionally) and with incident hypertension and incident diabetes (prospectively) in a large multinational cohort study.
Methods The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a prospective epidemiological study of individuals aged 35 and 70 years from 21 countries on five continents, with a median follow-up of 9.1 years. In the cross-sectional analyses, we assessed the association of dairy intake with prevalent MetS and its components among individuals with information on the five MetS components (n=112?922). For the prospective analyses, we examined the association of dairy with incident hypertension (in 57?547 individuals free of hypertension) and diabetes (in 131?481 individuals free of diabetes).
Results In cross-sectional analysis, higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day compared with zero intake; OR 0.76, 95%?CI 0.71 to 0.80, p-trend<0 p-trend=0.0005), p-trend=0.13). p-trend=0.02) p-trend=0.01).>
Conclusions Higher intake of whole fat (but not low fat) dairy was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS and most of its component factors, and with a lower incidence of hypertension and diabetes. Our findings should be evaluated in large randomized trials of the effects of whole fat dairy on the risks of MetS, hypertension, and diabetes.