Authors : Balaji Bhavadharini 1, Mahshid Dehghan 1, Andrew Mente 2 3, Sumathy Rangarajan 1, Patrick Sheridan 1, Viswanathan Mohan 4 5, Romaina Iqbal 6, Rajeev Gupta 7, Scott Lear 8, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen 9, Alvaro Avezum 10, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo 11, Prem Mony 12, Ravi Prasad Varma 13, Rajesh Kumar 14, Jephat Chifamba 15, Khalid F Alhabib 16, Noushin Mohammadifard 17, Aytekin Oguz 18, Fernando Lanas 19, Dorota Rozanska 20, Kristina Bengtsson Bostrom 21, Khalid Yusoff 22, Lungiswa P Tsolkile 23, Antonio Dans 24, Afzalhussein Yusufali 25, Andres Orlandini 26, Paul Poirier 27, Rasha Khatib 28, Bo Hu 29, Li Wei 30, Lu Yin 29, Ai Deeraili 31, Karen Yeates 32, Rita Yusuf 33, Noorhassim Ismail 34, Dariush Mozaffarian 35, Koon Teo 1 3 36, Sonia S Anand 1 3 36, Salim Yusuf 1 3 36
Publication Year : 2020
Objective: Our aims were to assess the association of dairy intake with prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (cross-sectionally) and with incident hypertension and incident diabetes (prospectively) in a large multinational cohort study.
Methods: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a prospective epidemiological study of individuals aged 35 and 70 years from 21 countries on five continents, with a median follow-up of 9.1 years. In the cross-sectional analyses, we assessed the association of dairy intake with prevalent MetS and its components among individuals with information on the five MetS components (n=112 922). For the prospective analyses, we examined the association of dairy with incident hypertension (in 57 547 individuals free of hypertension) and diabetes (in 131 481 individuals free of diabetes).
Results: In cross-sectional analysis, higher intake of total dairy (at least two servings/day compared with zero intake; OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.80, p-trend<0 p-trend=0.0005), p-trend=0.13). p-trend=0.02) p-trend=0.01).>
Conclusions: Higher intake of whole fat (but not low fat) dairy was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS and most of its component factors, and with a lower incidence of hypertension and diabetes. Our findings should be evaluated in large randomized trials of the effects of whole fat dairy on the risks of MetS, hypertension, and diabetes.
Keywords: adult diabetes; endocrinology; hypertension; nutrition.